Notes - Agricultural & Industrial Revolutions

• Great Britain - England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland
• in the 1600s England had subsistance farming (farming of only what family needs)
• enclosure movement - England had common grounds, they started fencing common grounds off during movement. small farms were taken from families and enclosed in larger land and given to large farms.
• became tenant farmers or were forced to move if couldn't find work. farmers were looking for efficiency
• worried about amount of seed being wasted by hand seeding, so invented the seed drill. made harvest easier
• crop rotation - moved different crops to different places each year. rotate land that you grow crops on
• go from wooden plow to metal. they last longer and are stronger. created interchangeable plow. used to replace blades
• people start moving to cities and cause population to grow. go to find work but there is none. Great Britain, because of factors of production, they become leader of industrial revolution in Europe. had a lot of natural resources. 2 top resources - coal & iron ore
• 3 factors of production - natural resources, land, workers (labor)
• Great Britain also had water and rivers. helped with food, transportation, power/energy
• disadvantage of having factory on river - flooding, droughts
• rivers were crucial to spread of industrial revolution
• textile industry - clothing industry. everything done by hand before. now using machines
• thread loom - takes a roll of string and turns it into a sheet of cloth.
• steam engine - ways to power factories, boats, trains. people who live at bottom of country can go to top.